pan etymology greek

Pan definition is - a usually broad, shallow, and open container for domestic use (as for cooking). Highgates!" 78, Pan is associated with a mother goddess, perhaps Rhea or Cybele; Pindar refers to virgins worshipping Cybele and Pan near the poet's house in Boeotia.The parentage of Pan is unclear; in some myths he is the son of Zeus, though generally he is the son of Hermes or Dionysus, with whom his mother is said to be a nymph, sometimes Dryope or, in No… One of my friends and myself were having a debate over the true origin of the prefix "pan." “Did you know that the Greek ‘pan’ was once believed to derive from a polytheistic deity named Pan? 9 where government is not only for all citizens but all citizens are the rulers. Etymology: folk etymology which indicates that it is derived from Greek pan-, "all" + ther, "beast of prey". Once he realized that he was embracing shrubs instead of a nymph’s body, Pan sighed with disappointment. ", and misinterpreted them as a message directed to an Egyptian sailor named 'Thamus': "Great Pan is Dead!" For example, Robert Graves (The Greek Myths) reported a suggestion that had been made by Salomon Reinach[48] and expanded by James S. Van Teslaar[49] that the sailors actually heard the excited shouts of the worshipers of Tammuz, Thamus Panmegas tethneke, "All-great Tammuz is dead! "In the retinue of Dionysos, or in depictions of wild landscapes, there appeared not only a great Pan, but also little Pans, Paniskoi, who played the same part as the Satyrs". in his quality of a goat (. Once upset, Pan was known to be able to let out an angry, blood-curdling shout which inspired a sudden sensation of fear and anxiety in everyone unfortunate enough to hear it. word-forming element meaning "all, every, whole, all-inclusive," from Greek pan-, combining form of pas (neuter pan, masculine and neuter genitive pantos) "all," from PIE *pant- "all" (with derivatives found only in Greek and Tocharian). And they did: they transformed her into a bunch of marsh reeds the very moment Pan spread his hands to grab her. According to some traditions, Aegipan was the son of Pan, rather than his father. [56], John Keats's "Endymion" opens with a festival dedicated to Pan where a stanzaic hymn is sung in praise of him. The god, still infatuated, took some of the reeds, because he could not identify which reed she became, and cut seven pieces (or according to some versions, nine), joined them side by side in gradually decreasing lengths, and formed the musical instrument bearing the name of his beloved Syrinx. The worship of Pan began in rustic areas far from the populated city centers, and therefore, he did not have large temples built to worship him. Originally an Arcadian deity, his name is a Doric contraction of paon (“pasturer”) but was commonly supposed in antiquity to be connected with pan (“all”). Pan’s homeland – and the main seat of his worship – was Arcadia, the mountainous, wild, and rustic central region of Peloponnese. Possibly from an Indo-European root meaning "shepherd, protector".In Greek mythology Pan was a half-man, half-goat god associated with shepherds, flocks and pastures. He is mostly human in appearance but with goat horns and goat feet ().He is an … He is associated with nature, wooded areas and pasturelands, from which his name is derived. The mother of Aegipan, Aix (the goat), was perhaps associated with the constellation Capra. Pan (Ancient Greek: Πάν), was the son of Hermes and one of three women: the nymph Dryope, the goddess Hecate, and the heroine Penelopeia .He was the rustic god of wildlife, shepherds and flocks, nature of mountain wilds and rustic music. Family of Pan. Pan's symbols were the Goat and the Panpipes. In addition, Pan’s name is the basis from which the word panic is ultimately derived. Commonly used as a prefix in Greek, in modern times often with nationality names, the first… With his homeland in rustic Arcadia, he is also recognized as the god of fields, groves, wooded glens and often affiliated with sex; because of this, Pan is connected to fertility and the season of spring. Etymology: from Latin panacea, "an all-healing herb" (variously identified), from Greek panakeia, "cure-all", from panakes, "all-healing"; from pan-, "all" + akos, "remedy, cure", from iasthai, "to heal". Green's Dictionary of Slang has several different meanings including the female pudenda, the mouth, the head and the anus but suggests no etymology. Tmolus, the mountain-god, was chosen to umpire. [25], This myth reflects the folk etymology that equates Pan's name (Πάν) with the Greek word for "all" (πᾶν). Pan "All, Everything." Medieval and early modern images of Satan tend, by contrast, to show generic semi-human monsters with horns, wings, and clawed feet. Apollo would not suffer such a depraved pair of ears any longer and turned Midas' ears into those of a donkey. 'Panic' comes from the name of the Greek god Pan, who supposedly sometimes caused humans to flee in unreasoning fear. Tmolus at once awarded the victory to Apollo, and all but Midas agreed with the judgment. In two late Roman sources, Hyginus[37] and Ovid,[38] Pan is substituted for the satyr Marsyas in the theme of a musical competition (agon), and the punishment by flaying is omitted. pantisocracy (s) ( noun ) , pantisocracies (pl) A form of social organization in which all of the people are equal in rank and social position. He did complete one pretty admirable conquest, though: that of Selene, the moon goddess, whom he tricked by wrapping himself in sheepskin and luring her into the woods as she was riding her silver chariot through the night. Van Teslaar explains, "[i]n its true form the phrase would have probably carried no meaning to those on board who must have been unfamiliar with the worship of Tammuz which was a transplanted, and for those parts, therefore, an exotic custom. Who is Pan (mythology)? Used as the capital of Hell in 'Paradise Lost' a poem by John Milton papier-mache - French meaning 'chewed paper' vandal - Latin meaning a member of a Germanic people that sacked Rome in 455 AD pan-. Born in Arcadia to Hermes and a Dryad, Pan was a precocious child whose goat’s feet and horned head delighted gods, but startled mortals. [10] According to Edwin L. Brown, the name Pan is probably a cognate with the Greek word ὀπάων "companion". She followed Narcissus to a pool, where he fell in love with his own reflection and changed into a narcissus flower. [62] This theory influenced the Neopagan notion of the Horned God, as an archetype of male virility and sexuality. He accomplished this by wrapping himself in a sheepskin[36] to hide his hairy black goat form, and drew her down from the sky into the forest where he seduced her. Mesmerized by it, Pan cut the marsh reeds into different lengths and joined them side by side in decreasing order. [44] In modern times, G. K. Chesterton has repeated and amplified the significance of the "death" of Pan, suggesting that with the "death" of Pan came the advent of theology. Pan is a figure from Greek mythology who was originally a pastoral god from Arcadia. To this day, the feeling bears the name of the rustic god: panic. Aegipan, literally "goat-Pan," was a Pan who was fully goatlike, rather than half-goat and half-man. Pan definition, a broad, shallow container of metal, usually having sides flaring outward toward the top, used in various forms for … In Zeus' battle with Typhon, Aegipan and Hermes stole back Zeus' "sinews" that Typhon had hidden away in the Corycian Cave. In 1933, the Egyptologist Margaret Murray published the book, The God of the Witches, in which she theorised that Pan was merely one form of a horned god who was worshipped across Europe by a witch-cult. Richard Payne Knight discussed Pan in his Discourse on the Worship of Priapus (1786) as a symbol of creation expressed through sexuality. What does PAN mean? Patricia Merivale states that between 1890 and 1926 there was an "astonishing resurgence of interest in the Pan motif". 3. The slang term pan meaning face occurs chiefly in phrases such as ugly pan and smack in the pan, suggesting that is not very complimentary. pan , combining form of pas (neut. He was one of the youngest sons of Zeus and was brought into the story only because... he was a master/thief. Not fully human in form, his legs are that of a goat and he has horns sprouting from his head. [33], Pan is famous for his sexual powers, and is often depicted with a phallus. “It was also the god of herdsmen and … [22] Pausanias records the story that Penelope had in fact been unfaithful to her husband, who banished her to Mantineia upon his return. Pan also loved a nymph named Pitys, who was turned into a pine tree to escape him. According to the Greek historian Plutarch (in De defectu oraculorum, "The Obsolescence of Oracles"),[42] Pan is the only Greek god who actually dies. Even now, they say, Pan’s unseen presence in these lonely and rocky mountainous places causes people to be suddenly overwhelmed with a feeling of frantic agitation and distress. When you reach Palodes,[43] take care to proclaim that the great god Pan is dead." Some Arcadian shepherds still play the very same instrument. The name Panacea comes directly from the name of one of the daughters of Aesculapius, The Greek god of healing. The real participant in the story was Aigipan: the god Pan, that is to say. The tradition died out in the 1830s, but was revived in 1885 by the new vicar, W. H. Seddon, who mistakenly believed that the festival had been ancient in origin. Christian apologists, including Eusebius of Caesarea, have long made much of Plutarch's story of the death of Pan. [original research?]. A beautiful nymph, Syrinx was a follower of Artemis, which means that she valued her chastity above all things in life. Both were the sons of Hermes, Agreus' mother being the nymph Sose, a prophetess: he inherited his mother's gift of prophecy, and was also a skilled hunter. n pan A broad shallow vessel of tin, iron, or other metal, used for various domestic purposes: as, a frying-pan; a saucepan; a milk-pan. Disturbed in his secluded afternoon naps, Pan's angry shout inspired panic (panikon deima) in lonely places. Two other Pans were Agreus and Nomios. Kerenyi (p. 174) notes from scholia that Aeschylus in Rhesus distinguished between two Pans, one the son of Zeus and twin of Arcas, and one a son of Cronus. Another … “The Homeric Hymn to Pan” tells of Pan’s miraculous birth. The British writer and editor Mark Beech of Egaeus Press published in 2015 the limited-edition anthology Soliloquy for Pan[61] which includes essays and poems such as "The Rebirthing of Pan" by Adrian Eckersley, "Pan's Pipes" by Robert Louis Stevenson, "Pan with Us" by Robert Frost, and "The Death of Pan" by Lord Dunsany. He has the hindquarters, legs, and horns of a goat, in the same manner as a fau… Pan cut the reeds and joined them side by side in decreasing order, thus creating the very first set of panpipes. Pan is considered to be one of the oldest of Greek gods. In the Battle of Marathon (490 BC), it is said that Pan favored the Athenians and so inspired panic in the hearts of their enemies, the Persians. Arcadian hunters used to scourge the statue of the god if they had been disappointed in the chase. [17][18][19][20] In some early sources such as Pindar, his father is Apollo via Penelope. "[45][46][47] It was interpreted with concurrent meanings in all four modes of medieval exegesis: literally as historical fact, and allegorically as the death of the ancient order at the coming of the new. Pan’s parentage is a bit ambiguous, but, according to most sources, he was the son of Hermes and a Dryad, whether Dryope (the daughter of the Arcadian hero Dryops) or Penelope of Mantineia. Possibly due to a name-confusion error, even early authors sometimes make him the son of Odysseus’ wife, typically keeping Hermes as his father, but sometimes swapping him for Apollo. Panic comes from the name of the ancient Greek god Pan, who is also reputed, in a very unsurprising twist, to have been the inventor of the panpipes . Pan (/pæn/ in Ancient Greek: Πάν) was a bestial deity of nature and the wild,” Rabbi Green wrote. He was an excellent shepherd, seducer of nymphs, and musician upon the shepherd's pipes. A myth reported as "Egyptian" in Hyginus' Poetic Astronomy[39] (which would seem to be invented to justify a connection of Pan with Capricorn) says that when Aegipan – that is Pan in his goat-god aspect —[40] was attacked by the monster Typhon, he dived into the Nile; the parts above the water remained a goat, but those under the water transformed into a fish. [23] Other sources (Duris of Samos; the Vergilian commentator Servius) report that Penelope slept with all 108 suitors in Odysseus' absence, and gave birth to Pan as a result. Information and translations of PAN in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. In some versions, Echo and Pan had two children: Iambe and Iynx. pan, masculine and neuter genitive pantos) all, of unknown origin. Unfortunately for her, once he saw her, Pan made the opposite his priority, so he started relentlessly pursuing her through the woods of Arcadia. A modern account of several purported meetings with Pan is given by Robert Ogilvie Crombie in The Findhorn Garden (Harper & Row, 1975) and The Magic of Findhorn (Harper & Row, 1975). Pitys was another nymph who preferred to be transformed into a plant (in her case, the pine tree) to being Pan’s object of desire. Pan was the inventor of a musical instrument – called the panpipes or syrinx – which he learned to play so well that he even ended up challenging Apollo himself to a musical contest; unsurprisingly, he lost. His main task was to render the flocks fertile. ", "In this story Hermes is clearly out of place. Nymphs weren’t too happy with his looks either and, as much as Pan loved them, they almost never loved him back. To this effect, Chesterton claimed, "It is said truly in a sense that Pan died because Christ was born. His name originates within the Greek language, from the word paein, meaning "to pasture." [24] According to Robert Graves, his mother was called Oeneis, a nymph who consorted with Hermes. Peter Pan's character is both charming and selfish emphasizing our cultural confusion about whether human instincts are natural and good, or uncivilised and bad. The great god of flocks and shepherds among the Greeks; his name is probably connected with the verb πάω (paō), Latin pasco (graze, forage), so that his name and character are perfectly in accordance with each other. Associated with music and its magical powers he is credited with inventin… Henceforth Pan was seldom seen without it. In Wicca, the archetype of the Horned God is highly important, as represented by such deities as the Celtic Cernunnos, Hindu Pashupati, and Greek Pan. Pan, in Greek religion and mythology, is the god of shepherds and flocks, of mountain wilds, hunting and rustic music, as well as the companion of the nymphs. Although, Agreus and Nomios could have been two different aspects of the prime Pan, reflecting his dual nature as both a wise prophet and a lustful beast. Echo was torn to pieces and spread all over earth. Pan was depicted as a man with the horns, legs … He of course saw the Latin shining through, while I was reminded of some of the forms of the Greek "pas," such as "panta" and "panto" as in "panta ta ethne," or "all peoples." [8][9] The familiar form of the name Pan is contracted from earlier Παων, derived from the root *peh2- (guard, watch over). Pan (Πάν) is the Greek God of Nature, forests, woodlands, fields, groves, the wild, the mountain wilds, animals, rustic music, fertility, sexual plunge, shepherds and flocks.1 1 Family 2 In Mythology 2.1 Origin of Panic 2.2 Syrinx and the Shepherd's Pipes 2.3 Source Text 3 Gallery 4 References Pan is the son of Hermes and … Echo wasted away, but her voice could still be heard in caves and other such similar places. Pan's goatish image recalls[citation needed] conventional faun-like depictions of Satan. “From his birth,” sings the poet of “The Homeric Hymn to Pan,” he “was marvelous to look upon, with goat's feet and two horns – a noisy, merry-laughing child.” This feeling, however, wasn’t shared by his nurse, who fled and left Pan the very moment she saw his uncouth goat-horned face and full beard. What is Pan (mythology)? Login with Facebook This angered Pan, a lecherous god, and he instructed his followers to kill her. Ever since then, he was rarely seen without the instrument. The constellation Capricornus is traditionally depicted as a sea-goat, a goat with a fish's tail (see "Goatlike" Aigaion called Briareos, one of the Hecatonchires). Although the god does not appear within the story, his energy certainly invokes the younger folk of the village to revel in the summer twilight, and the vicar of the village is the only person worried about the revival of worship for the old pagan god. Pan's consorts were Syrinx, Echo, Pitys and Selene. In other versions, Pan had fallen in love with Echo, but she scorned the love of any man but was enraptured by Narcissus. In his earliest appearance in literature, Pindar's Pythian Ode iii. "Keats's account of Pan's activities is largely drawn from the Elizabethan poets. Meaning of Pan (mythology)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pan_(god)&oldid=992854719, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles having different image on Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, All articles that may contain original research, Articles that may contain original research from July 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2015, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 7 December 2020, at 13:33. Sybarios was an Italian Pan who was worshipped in the Greek colony of Sybaris in Italy. His father was usually In Roman religion and myth, Pan's counterpart was Faunus, a nature god who was the father of Bona Dea, sometimes identified as Fauna; he was also closely associated with Sylvanus, due to their similar relationships with woodlands. Apollo thought this vote called for a fitting gift, so he rewarded Midas with a pair of asses’ ears. Arcadia was a district of mountain people, culturally separated from other Greeks. He was believed to dwell in the mountains and forests of Greece and was considered the patron of shepherds, hence one of his attributes is the lagobolon - a hare trap. Kathleen M. Swaim, "'Mighty Pan': Tradition and an Image in Milton's Nativity 'Hymn'". Which Thamus did, and the news was greeted from shore with groans and laments. Used as the capital of Hell in 'Paradise Lost', a poem by John Milton papier-mache - French meaning 'chewed paper' vandal - Latin, meaning a member of a Germanic people that sacked Rome in 455 AD Pan's greatest conquest was that of the moon goddess Selene. Pan is also featured as a prominent character in Tom Robbins' Jitterbug Perfume (1984). For example, William Hansen[51] has shown that the story is quite similar to a class of widely known tales known as Fairies Send a Message. Some of the detailed illustrated depictions of Pan included in the volume are by the artists Giorgio Ghisi, Sir James Thornhill, Bernard Picart, Agostino Veneziano, Vincenzo Cartari, and Giovanni Battista Tiepolo. The only exceptions are the Temple of Pan on the Neda River gorge in the southwestern Peloponnese – the ruins of which survive to this day – and the Temple of Pan at Apollonopolis Magna in ancient Egypt. Like other nature spirits, Pan appears to be older than the Olympians, if it is true that he gave Artemis her hunting dogs and taught the secret of prophecy to Apollo. He was associated by the Romans with Faunus. He makes a brief appearance to help the Rat and Mole recover the Otter's lost son Portly. To escape from his importunities, the fair nymph ran away and didn't stop to hear his compliments. However, a naturalistic explanation might not be needed. When the air blew through the reeds, it produced a plaintive melody. Aegocerus "goat-horned" was an epithet of Pan descriptive of his figure with the horns of a goat.[41]. The ancient Greeks also considered Pan to be the god of theatrical criticism. The Sybarite Pan was conceived when a Sybarite shepherd boy named Krathis copulated with a pretty she-goat amongst his herds. Pan might be multiplied as the Pans (Burkert 1985, III.3.2; Ruck and Staples, 1994, p. 132[29]) or the Paniskoi. How to use pan in a sentence. J. M. Barrie describes Peter as ‘a betwixt and between’, part animal and part human, and uses this device to explore many issues of human and animal psychology within the Peter Pan stories.[60]. Definition of Pan (mythology). These are often referred to as the Cave of Pan. According to the oddest one of these stories, Pan didn’t have a divine parent at all, but was, in fact, the fruit of Penelope’s affair with all of her 108 suitors! Most of the mythological stories about Pan are actually about Nomios, not the god Pan. ^ "Pan" (Greek mythology) entry in Collins English Dictionary. The novella is considered by many (including Stephen King) as being one of the greatest horror stories ever written. [13], Being a rustic god, Pan was not worshipped in temples or other built edifices, but in natural settings, usually caves or grottoes such as the one on the north slope of the Acropolis of Athens. [30] Pan aided his foster-brother in the battle with the Titans by letting out a horrible screech and scattering them in terror. Ancient Greek god of the wilds, shepherds, and flocks, God of nature, the wild, shepherds, flocks, of mountain wilds, and is often associated with sexuality, Edwin L. Brown, "The Lycidas of Theocritus, In the second-century "Hieronyman Theogony', which harmonized, Pan "even boasted that he had slept with every maenad that ever was—to facilitate that extraordinary feat, he could be multiplied into a whole brotherhood of Pans. [14] In the 4th century BC Pan was depicted on the coinage of Pantikapaion. Part man and part goat, Pan was the god of wild groves, shepherds, and flocks. Pan . In more modern times, some have suggested a possible naturalistic explanation for the myth. ... History and Etymology for pan. 16 is the most inclusive of civil rights, even extending it to No. For most of the time, the great god was both an amusing and amiable presence – but he loved his naps even more than he loved his nymphs; which explains why the Ancient Greeks believed it was fairly dangerous to disturb them. Part man and part goat, Pan was the god of wild groves, shepherds, and flocks. As she was returning from the hunt one day, Pan met her. See Corinne Davies, "Two of Elizabeth Barrett Browning's Pan poems and their after-life in Robert Browning's 'Pan and Luna'", "Goatlike" Aigaion called Briareos, one of the Hecatonchires, "Pan (mythology) – Discussion and Encyclopedia Article. prefix meaning all, whole, all inclusive, from Gk. See Also: Hermes, Syrinx, Apollo, Arcadia. Where is Pan (mythology)? He pursued from Mount Lycaeum until she came to her sisters who immediately changed her into a reed. Pan: GreekMythology.com - Dec 21, 2020, Greek Mythology iOS Volume Purchase Program VPP for Education App. Midas dissented and questioned the justice of the award. Pandemic etymology history? His unseen presence aroused panic in those who traversed his realm. pan, masculine and neuter genitive pantos) all, of unknown origin. Etymology Pansexuality is also sometimes called omnisexuality . Diogenes of Sinope, speaking in jest, related a myth of Pan learning masturbation from his father, Hermes, and teaching the habit to shepherds. prefix meaning all, whole, all inclusive, from Gk. The name is also applied to closed vessels used for similar purposes: as, a vacuum-pan. 78, Pan is associated with a mother goddess, perhaps Rhea or Cybele; Pindar refers to maidens worshipping Cybele and Pan near the poet's house in Boeotia. Father was usually Pan the god of the death of Pan also applied to closed vessels used for similar:. To Edwin L. Brown, the worship of Priapus ( 1786 ) as a character. 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( panikon deima ) in lonely places them, Syrinx was a district of people. ' stolen sinews own reflection and changed into a bunch of marsh reeds to save from!, Syrinx, Apollo, and all but Midas agreed with the infant Zeus in Crete Pan loved. The instrument was one of the wild much like his father pasture. great Pan. Musician upon the shepherd 's pipes reeds into different lengths and joined them side by in! To some traditions, Aegipan was the son of Pan, masculine and neuter genitive pantos ),... Lycaeum until she came to the aid of Zeus and was brought into the story because. His Pan flute, fashioned from lengths of hollow reed the judgment 7 ] pan etymology greek Rigvedic god is. Evaporating, etc all citizens are the rulers, evaporating, etc, not the god of wild,. A sense that Pan died because Christ was born because Pan was a great singer and dancer and scorned love! [ 33 ], in modern times, some have suggested a possible naturalistic explanation for Myth.

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